延迟加载:也称懒加载,就是在需要用到数据时才进行加载,不需要用到数据时就不加载数据。可以提高数据库性能。Mybatis在进行多表操作时,使用resultMap来实现,其中通过association实现一对一和多对一映射、通过collection实现一对多和多对多映射。association、collection都具备延迟加载功能,本文演示association的延迟加载。
1.准备工作
创建maven、添加jar包坐标、MyBatis主配置文件、log4j的配置文件等准备工作可以参考:IDEA中Maven工程的MyBatis快速入门
在MyBatis主配置文件中开启延时加载,需要在<configuration>标签中增加:
<settings> <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/> <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/> </settings>
2.编写实体类
假如数据库有user表和account表,sql语句为:
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`; CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `username` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名称', `sex` char(1) default NULL COMMENT '性别', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; insert into `user`(`id`,`username`,`sex`) values (41,'老王','男'),(42,'小二王','女'),(43,'小三王','女'); DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `account`; CREATE TABLE `account` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '编号', `uid` int(11) default NULL COMMENT '用户编号', `money` double default NULL COMMENT '金额', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), CONSTRAINT `FK_Reference_1` FOREIGN KEY (`uid`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; insert into `account`(`id`,`uid`,`money`) values (1,41,1000),(2,42,1000),(3,42,2000);
在src/main/java下创建User类和Account类,实现Serializable接口,且要求与数据表有对应的属性名,代码可参考:IDEA中Maven工程的MyBatis快速入门。
可以在Account类中加入一个User类的属性来代表这个用户有哪些账户。即需要在Account.class中添加如下代码:
private User user; public User getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(User user) { this.user = user; }
3.编写实体类的持久层映射接口
这里对应的User类持久层映射接口取名UserMapper,放在src/main/java下,代码如下:
package com.gqzzw.mapper; import com.gqzzw.domain.QueryVo; import com.gqzzw.domain.User; import java.util.List; public interface UserMapper { //根据id查询用户 List<User> findById(int id); }
Account类持久层映射接口取名AccountMapper,放在src/main/java下,代码如下:
package com.gqzzw.mapper; import com.gqzzw.domain.Account; import java.util.List; public interface AccountMapper { //多对一查询 List<Account> findAll(); }
4.编写映射接口的配置文件
放在src/main/resources下,必须与久层接口包路径和文件名相同,即:com.gqzzw.mapper.UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.gqzzw.mapper.UserMapper"> <!-- 根据id查询用户 --> <select id="findById" resultType="com.gqzzw.domain.User" parameterType="int"> select * from user where id=#{id}; </select> </mapper>
放在src/main/resources下,必须与久层接口包路径和文件名相同,即:com.gqzzw.mapper.AccountMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.gqzzw.mapper.AccountMapper"> <!-- 根据Uid查询账户 --> <select id="findByUid" resultType="com.gqzzw.domain.Account" parameterType="int"> select * from account where uid=#{uid} </select> <!-- 多对一查询 --> <resultMap id="account_user" type="com.gqzzw.domain.Account"> <id column="id" property="id"/> <result column="uid" property="uid"/> <result column="money" property="money"/> <association property="user" javaType="com.gqzzw.domain.User" select="com.gqzzw.mapper.UserMapper.findById" column="uid"/> </resultMap> <select id="findAll" resultMap="account_user"> select * from account </select> </mapper>
5.编写测试类
放在src/test/java下,编写测试类,内容如下:
package com.gqzzw.mapper; import com.gqzzw.domain.Account; import com.gqzzw.domain.User; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.List; public class AccountMapperTset { private InputStream in; private SqlSession sqlSession; private AccountMapper accountMapper; @Before public void init() throws IOException { //读取配置文件 in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml"); //创建SqlSessionFactory的构建者对象 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder(); //使用构建者创建工厂对象SqlSessionFactory SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in); //使用SqlSessionFactory产SqlSession对象生 sqlSession = factory.openSession(); //产SqlSession对象时可以传true代表自动提交事务 //sqlSession = factory.openSession(true); //使用SqlSession创建映射接口的代理对象 accountMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountMapper.class); } @After public void destroy() throws IOException { //提交事务,释放资源 sqlSession.commit(); sqlSession.close(); in.close(); } @Test //多对一查询 public void findAll(){ List<Account> accounts = accountMapper.findAll(); // for (Account account : accounts) { // System.out.println(account.getUser()); // } } }
转载请注明:零五宝典 » Mybatis延迟加载之:多对一(使用assocation实现)